{"id":299,"date":"2023-06-05T03:40:40","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T03:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/?p=299"},"modified":"2026-09-30T17:54:43","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T17:54:43","slug":"pengertian-firma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/","title":{"rendered":"Firma: Pengertian, Ciri, Hak dan Kewajiban Sekutu, Kelebihan, dan Kekurangan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Firma (Fa) adalah persekutuan untuk menjalankan usaha di bawah satu nama bersama, di mana setiap sekutu ikut mengelola dan bertanggung jawab secara tanggung renteng atas seluruh perikatan firma.<\/strong> Firma diatur dalam Pasal 16-35 KUHD, bukan badan hukum, dan didirikan dengan akta notaris lalu didaftarkan di Kementerian Hukum. Bentuk ini cocok untuk kolaborasi usaha antar-rekan yang setara dan saling percaya.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Ciri-Ciri_Firma\" >Ciri-Ciri Firma<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Hak_dan_Kewajiban_Sekutu_Firma\" >Hak dan Kewajiban Sekutu Firma<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Kelebihan_dan_Kekurangan_Firma\" >Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Firma<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Firma_CV_atau_PT\" >Firma, CV, atau PT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Pertanyaan_yang_Sering_Diajukan\" >Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Apa_itu_firma\" >Apa itu firma?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Apakah_firma_badan_hukum\" >Apakah firma badan hukum?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Apa_bedanya_firma_dan_CV\" >Apa bedanya firma dan CV?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Apa_kelebihan_firma\" >Apa kelebihan firma?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/pengertian-firma\/#Apa_contoh_firma\" >Apa contoh firma?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ciri-Ciri_Firma\"><\/span>Ciri-Ciri Firma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Didirikan minimal dua orang sekutu.<\/li>\n<li>Menjalankan usaha dengan satu nama bersama.<\/li>\n<li>Semua sekutu berhak mengelola dan mewakili firma, kecuali dibatasi dalam akta.<\/li>\n<li>Tanggung jawab sekutu tanggung renteng, hingga harta pribadi (Pasal 18 KUHD).<\/li>\n<li>Bukan badan hukum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hak_dan_Kewajiban_Sekutu_Firma\"><\/span>Hak dan Kewajiban Sekutu Firma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Hak<\/th>\n<th>Kewajiban<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ikut mengelola dan mewakili firma<\/td>\n<td>Menyetor modal atau kontribusi sesuai akta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Menerima bagian laba<\/td>\n<td>Menanggung kerugian dan utang secara renteng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mengakses informasi keuangan firma<\/td>\n<td>Bertindak dengan iktikad baik untuk kepentingan firma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kelebihan_dan_Kekurangan_Firma\"><\/span>Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Firma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kelebihan<\/th>\n<th>Kekurangan<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pendirian relatif sederhana<\/td>\n<td>Tanggung jawab tidak terbatas dan renteng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Modal dari beberapa sekutu<\/td>\n<td>Tindakan satu sekutu mengikat sekutu lain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cocok untuk jasa profesional<\/td>\n<td>Sulit menarik investor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"ls-baca-juga\"><strong>Baca Juga:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/legalitas-pendirian-firma\/\">Cara Mendirikan Firma dan Dasar Hukumnya<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Firma_CV_atau_PT\"><\/span>Firma, CV, atau PT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Aspek<\/th>\n<th>Firma<\/th>\n<th>CV<\/th>\n<th>PT<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Status<\/td>\n<td>Bukan badan hukum<\/td>\n<td>Bukan badan hukum<\/td>\n<td>Badan hukum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tanggung jawab<\/td>\n<td>Semua sekutu renteng<\/td>\n<td>Sekutu aktif tidak terbatas, pasif terbatas<\/td>\n<td>Terbatas pada saham<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pengelola<\/td>\n<td>Semua sekutu<\/td>\n<td>Sekutu aktif<\/td>\n<td>Direksi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Bandingkan lebih lengkap di <a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/apa-perbedaan-firma-dan-pt\/\">perbedaan firma dan PT<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pertanyaan_yang_Sering_Diajukan\"><\/span>Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_itu_firma\"><\/span>Apa itu firma?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Firma adalah persekutuan untuk menjalankan usaha di bawah satu nama bersama, di mana setiap sekutu bertanggung jawab secara tanggung renteng atas perikatan firma, sesuai Pasal 16 dan 18 KUHD.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apakah_firma_badan_hukum\"><\/span>Apakah firma badan hukum?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tidak. Firma adalah persekutuan tanpa status badan hukum, sehingga harta pribadi sekutu dapat dipakai untuk menanggung utang firma.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_bedanya_firma_dan_CV\"><\/span>Apa bedanya firma dan CV?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Di firma semua sekutu aktif dan bertanggung jawab renteng, sedangkan CV memiliki sekutu pasif yang tanggung jawabnya terbatas pada modal.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_kelebihan_firma\"><\/span>Apa kelebihan firma?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Pendirian relatif sederhana, modal bisa dihimpun dari beberapa sekutu, dan cocok untuk kolaborasi profesional yang saling percaya.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_contoh_firma\"><\/span>Apa contoh firma?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Firma lazim dipakai untuk kantor jasa profesional seperti konsultan, akuntan, atau usaha dagang bersama antara rekan yang setara.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ls-cta\" style=\"border-left:4px solid #0d6efd;background:#f3f7ff;padding:16px 20px;margin:28px 0;border-radius:6px\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\"><strong>Mau Mendirikan Firma?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 8px\">Tim LegalSatu mengurus pendirian firma dari akta notaris, pendaftaran Kementerian Hukum, NPWP, hingga NIB. Lihat paketnya di <a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/firma\">jasa pendirian Firma LegalSatu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/6285218089300?text=Halo%20Admin%20LegalSatu.%20Saya%20ingin%20konsultasi%20pendirian%20firma.%20Saya%20lihat%20dari%20artikel%20blog%20legalsatu.id\"><strong>Konsultasi gratis via WhatsApp<\/strong><\/a> atau lihat seluruh <a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/\">layanan LegalSatu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ls-terkait\">\n<p><strong>Artikel Terkait:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/apa-itu-cv-perusahaan\/\">Apa Itu CV?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/apa-perbedaan-firma-dan-pt\/\">Perbedaan Firma dan PT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/legalsatu.id\/blog\/firma-hukum-2\/\">Firma Hukum dan Jenisnya<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>Catatan:<\/strong> Artikel ini bersifat edukatif dan disusun berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Dagang (Pasal 16-35), KUHPerdata, dan Permenkumham No. 17 Tahun 2018, per September 2026. Regulasi dan praktik di lapangan dapat berubah atau berbeda antar daerah. Untuk kebutuhan hukum spesifik bisnis Anda, konsultasikan dengan tim legal LegalSatu.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Apa itu firma?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Firma adalah persekutuan untuk menjalankan usaha di bawah satu nama bersama, di mana setiap sekutu bertanggung jawab secara tanggung renteng atas perikatan firma, sesuai Pasal 16 dan 18 KUHD.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Apakah firma badan hukum?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Tidak. 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Pahami ciri, hak dan kewajiban sekutu, kelebihan, dan kekurangannya.","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[71],"class_list":["post-299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-perizinan","tag-firma"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pengertian Firma: Ciri, Kelebihan, dan Kekurangannya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pengertian firma: persekutuan usaha dengan nama bersama dan tanggung jawab renteng. 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